India's Security Environment: Emerging Uncertainties and Challenges

Draws attention to new uncertainties and challenges that have emerged in India`s security environment in the last few years because of the volatile nature of international relations. The 21st century has witnessed the evolution of relations among nations in a manner that has disrupted the sanctity of the international order built in the 20th century. For instance, the rule-based international system is being violated and the violators are not being punished. There is a tendency on the part of major powers to pursue policies governed by nationalism and protectionism without caring for their impact on other nations. The legitimacy of international agreements has been diluted by abrupt withdrawal of big powers from them.

The rise of China as an economic and military power and its assertiveness has ruffled the international environment, making choices difficult for smaller nations. The resurgence of Russia and its unquestioned aggressive behaviour vis-a-vis other nations has established a new norm. The proclamation of “America First” doctrine by Donald trump has cut into the very spirit of “collective security” which was the basis of United Nations.